Clinical Analysis of Bloodstream Infection after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical characteristics of bloodstream infection (BSI) in patients treated by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).@*METHODS@#The clinical characteristics, distribution of pathogenic bacteria causing BSI and drug sensitivity of 910 patients treated by HSCT in our department from January 2013 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 910 HSCT patients, 111 patients were diagnosed as BSI within 100 days after transplantation, and 98 patients showed BSI during the period of agranulocytosis. Multivariate analysis showed that the usage of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), long duration of agranulocytosis and low infusion volume of mononuclear cell (MNC) were the independent risk factors affecting BSI after HSCT. Among 121 pathogenic bacteria isolated, 76 Gram-negative (G-) bacteria (62.8%), 40 Gram-positive (G+) bacteria (33.0%), and 5 fungi (4.1%) were detected out. The top three pathogens were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The drug-resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenems was 14.3% and 7.7%, respectively, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 66.7%. The susceptibility of G+ bacteria to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin was 97.5%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The crude mortality rate of the patients with BSI at 100 days after HSCT was significantly higher than that of patients without BSI (P<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#The usage of ATG, long duration of agranulocytosis and low infusion volume of MNC are independent risk factors for BSI after HSCT. The pathogens after HSCT are mainly G- bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is highly resistant to carbapenems. Key words　　;

Clinical and Bacteriological Analysis of Bacterial Bloodstream Infections in Patients with Acute Leukemial / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics, etiology and drug susceptibility of bacterial bloodstream infections in acute leukemia(AL) patients.@*METHODS@#Clinical data, etiology and drug susceptibility of acute leukemia patients with bacterial bloodstream infections from April 2009 to April 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 376 strains were isolated, 76.9% was Gram-negative bacterial and 23.1% was Gram-positive bacteria. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were listed as the top three of Gram-negative bacteria. The susceptibility of Escherichia coli to the tigacycline, imipenem and meropenem was 100.0%, 98.2% and 98.1%, respectively. The susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae to the tigacycline, imipenem and meropenem were 100.0%, 98.3% and 94.4%, respectively. The adjustment rate for initial use of carbopenems was 3.8%, while the adjustment rate for initial use of noncarbopenems was 74.3% in patients with main Gram-negative bacterial blood stream infection. The susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria to glycopeptide antibiotics, linezolid and tigacycline was 100.0%.@*CONCLUSION@#Gram-negative bacteria is the majority type of bacteria in AL patients with bacteria blood stream infections. The susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria to the carbapenems is high, and the treatment adjustment rate is obviously low. The glycopeptide, linezolid and tigacycline are effective for Gram-positive bacteria infections..

Dual regulation effect of somatostatin on immunity in patients with severe sepsis caused by abdominal diseases / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>to investigate the effect of somatostatin on inflammatory immune disorders and prognosis in patients with severe sepsis caused by abdominal diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>fifty-three patients with severe abdominal sepsis (age > 18 years, APACHE-II score > 15) from June 2005 to June 2009 were randomly divided into Somatostatin group (n = 23) and SSC Group (n = 30). Fifteen healthy volunteers of the same age range were chosen as Control group. The SSC group was treated with classical SSC therapy, and the Somatostatin Group was treated with the same regime plus 14-peptide somatostatin continuous infusion at the dose of 6 mg/24 h for 7 days. The serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by using ELISA. CD(4)(+), CD(8)(+) T cell subsets were determined by fluorescence activated cell sorter(FACS) and CD(4)(+)/CD(8)(+) was calculated. APACHE-II score was observed on admission (d1) and day 3, 7 and 14 after treatment. Morality rates in 28 days in two groups were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>compared with Control group, IL-10 and TNF-α levels were significantly elevated in patients with severe abdominal sepsis (P < 0.05), while CD(4)(+), CD(8)(+) T cell and CD(4)(+)/CD(8)(+) decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with the Somatostatin group CD(4)(+), CD(8)(+) T cell and CD(4)(+)/CD(8)(+) on d7 and d14 in SSC Group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while IL-10 and TNF-α decreased significantly(P < 0.05). APACHE-II scores on d3, d7, d14 of Somatostatin group were significantly lower than those of SSC group, and 28 d mortality rate also declined.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>in patients with severe abdominal sepsis, systemic inflammatory response and immune suppression exist simultaneously. Somatostatin has a dual immunomodulatory activity in these patients.</p>

Construction of tissue-engineered bone using a xenogenic deproteinized bone scaffold for spinal intertransverse fusion / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Xenogenic deproteinized bone is generally collected and has unique biological properties;however,its immunogen hopes be resolved so as to discover a new type of bone graft material.OBJECTIVE:To explore the performance of xenogenic deproteinized bone scaffold for tissue-engineered bone and the effect on spinal intertransverse fusion in goats.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:An in vivo cell-scaffold study was performed at the Key Laboratory of Fibrotic Biotherapy of Heilongjiang Province between February and October 2008.MATERIALS:Twelve healthy male goats aged 6-8 months were provided by Animal Center of Mudanjiang Medical College.METHODS:Cancellous bone at distal femur of adult swine was obtained to prepare xenogenic deproteinized bone scaffold using physical and chemical methods.Effects of the scaffold on morphology,structure,component,biomechanical property,and biological behavior of seed cells were detected and analyzed.Bone marrow was extracted from ilium of goat and gradient-centrifuged to obtain the third-passaged bone marrow mesenchyme stern cells (BMSCs).A certain quantity of autologous BMSCs and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) were plated onto the scaffold to achieve tissue-engineeried bone.Models of bilateral L3,4 intertransverse bone graft were established on 12 goats.Tissue-engineeried bone was implanted into the left side in a repairing group,while the same volume of autologous ilium was implanted into the right side in a control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:X-ray examination and histological detection were performed at 4,8,and 12 weeks after implantation.RESULTS:Deproteinization-treated cancellous bone exhibited a spatial grid structure of variously sized,crossing and opening pores,composing hydroxyapatite and collagen.The pore diameter was 200-500 μm,and porosity was about 60%.Mechanical property and cell compatibility were well.X-ray examination demonstrated that at 4 weeks after implantation,some or even lateral intertransverse bridging regions were unclear,and material density in the repairing group was lower than control group;at 8 weeks after implantation,interspace between up and down bridging was shrunk,and a great quantity of calluses were successively formed;at 12 weeks after implantation,complete confluence was observed,and the density in the repairing group was closed to that in the control group.Histological detection indicated that at 4 weeks after implantation,new bone was multidrop-formed in the repairing group;at 8 weeks after implantation,bone tissue like the islet shape was passed through the whole implanted materials;at 12 weeks after implantation,woven bones arranged across,medullary cavity was formed,and osteogenic activity in the repairing group was closed to that in the control group.On the other hand,at 4 weeks after implantation,a large quantity of new bones were formed in the control group;at 8 weeks after implantation,a great quantity of collagen fibers were observed,and osteogenesis was clear in marginal region;at 12 weeks after implantation,fibrous tissues were reduced,and osteogenesis was active.CONCLUSION:BMSCs and rhBMP-2 incubated on xenogenic deproteinized cancellous bone is an ideal tissue-engineeried bone scaffold,characterizing by an excellent histocompatibility and a strong osteogenesis,based on in vitro X-ray diffraction analysis,mechanical test,and in vivo osteogenesis experiment.

Biocompatibility of induced bone mesenchymal stem cells on xenogeneic deproteinized cancellous bone / 中国组织工程研究

0.05). The cell cycles of the two groups were similar, and heteroploid cells were not found out in both groups. CONCLUSION: Xenogeneic deproteinized cancellous bone has a good biocompatibility to bone mesenchymal stem cells and promotes cell growth and differentiation.

Entry of Lymphocytes into the Brain and Expression of ICAM-1 on the Brain Endothelium / 대한해부학회지

To evaluate the entry of lymphocytes into the brain, we isolated lymphocytes from non-immunized Balb/C mice spleens and activated lymphocytes with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies. Activated lymphocytes were labeled with fluorescent CSFE in order to identify their entry into the brain. Nonactivated fresh lymphocytes from spleen were also labeled with CSFE as a control. Before injecting CSFE-labeled lymphocytes into the tail vein, some recipient animals were pretreated with LPS intraperitoneally. Both the resting and activated lymphocytes entered the normal brain although their migration occurred with a low frequency. When the recipient mice were pretreated with LPS intraperitoneally, the number of migration of lymphocytes to the brain was increased, and the ICAM-1 expression was also increased in the brain endothelium. There was no significant difference in the migration into the brain between activated and nonactivated lymphocytes. These results suggested that activation state of lymphocytes, especially, antigen-non specific activation by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 might not be a critical factor for the migration into the brain, and but the endothelial ICAM-1 expression faciliated the efficient transendothelial migration into the brain.

Effect of the polymerization of HSF1 on the febrile response and the content of vasopressin arginine in brain in LPS-induced fever rabbits / 中国药理学通报

Aim To observe the effect of the polymerization of HSF1 on the febrile response in fever rabbits,and further to investigate HSF1 action in thermoregulation and the possible central mechanism.Methods 70 rabbits were divided randomly into 4 groups:the control group(N),the quercetin group(Q),the LPS-feverish group(L),the quercetin+LPS-feverish group(Q+L).Changes in body temperature were continually observed;the expression of HSF1 and HSP70 in hypothalamus was detected by Western blot;the content of AVP in hypothalamus and VSA was measured by radioimmunoassay.Results ① The sequence of the maximum change of temperature(△Tmax)from low to high:group Q